Refining equipment (LF/RH/VD/AOD/ESR/VIM)
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Product Introduction
LF Furnace (Ladle Furnace Refining Furnace)
The LF furnace is a special type of arc furnace, developed in 1971 by Daido Steel Co., Ltd. in Japan. It uses three electrodes for submerged arc heating, resulting in high thermal efficiency and protection of the furnace lining. It has powerful refining capabilities:
Technical Parameters
Heating Power: Typically 5-20MW, allowing for rapid steel temperature increase, with a heating rate of 3-5℃/min.
Stirring Gas Flow Rate: Argon stirring flow rate is generally 0.05-0.5 Nm³/min・t steel, promoting steel slag reaction and uniform component temperature.
Refining Time: Generally 30-60 minutes.
Equipment Selection Suggestions: Suitable for various types of carbon steel and special steel production. If pursuing low cost, flexible refining, and relatively low requirements for steel gas content, the LF furnace is the best choice. For example, when a small special steel plant produces alloy structural steel, using a 50-100 ton capacity LF furnace with 5-10MW heating power can efficiently refine steel.
RH Vacuum Refining Furnace
Jointly designed and developed in 1957 by Ruhrstahl and Heraeus in West Germany. The molten steel is in a vacuum tank, and argon gas is injected through a rising pipe to create a static pressure difference for circulation, completing degassing and decarbonization reactions under vacuum.
Technical Parameters
Vacuum Degree: Can be as low as 0.1-1mbar, meeting the needs of deep degassing and decarbonization.
Molten Steel Circulation Flow Rate: Generally 30-100t/min, ensuring rapid purification of molten steel.
Processing Time: Usually 20-40 minutes.
Equipment Selection Suggestions: Suitable for large-scale, high-quality molten steel refining, especially for steel grades with strict requirements on gas content and purity, such as ultra-low carbon steel and electrical steel. When a large steel plant produces steel for automotive panels, equipping a 200-300 ton RH vacuum refining furnace can stably produce high-quality molten steel.
VD Vacuum Degassing Furnace
Utilizes a vacuum environment to reduce the partial pressure of gases in molten steel, causing gases to precipitate and achieve molten steel purification and degassing.
Technical Parameters
Vacuum Degree: Can reach 1-10mbar, effectively removing hydrogen and nitrogen.
Processing Time: Approximately 30-90 minutes.
Heating Method: Can be equipped with electrode heating, with a heating rate of 2-4℃/min.
Equipment Selection Suggestions: Suitable for refining steel grades sensitive to gas content, such as bearing steel and gear steel. When a medium-sized special steel plant refines high-precision bearing steel, using a 100-150 ton VD furnace with an electrode heating system can precisely control the gas content of the molten steel.
AOD Argon-Oxygen Decarburization Furnace
Similar in shape to a converter, it uses a side gun to inject an argon-oxygen mixture to reduce the CO partial pressure and achieve decarbonization and chromium retention.
Technical Parameters
Oxygen-Argon Ratio Adjustment Range: 0.5-5, adapting to the decarbonization needs of different steel grades.
Oxygen Supply Intensity: Generally 0.5-2.5 Nm³/min・t steel.
Metallurgical Cycle: 60-120 minutes.
Equipment Selection Suggestions: It is an ideal equipment for refining stainless steel. Stainless steel manufacturers can choose a suitable capacity AOD furnace based on production capacity and steel grade, such as 50-200 tons capacity, used for producing 300 series, 400 series and other types of stainless steel.
ESR Electroslag Remelting Furnace
Based on the current passing through the slag to generate resistance heat, melting the metal electrode and remelting and solidifying it in a water-cooled crystallizer, greatly improving the steel quality.
Technical Parameters
Current Range: 5000-50000A, adjusted according to electrode size and steel grade.
Voltage Range: 30-100V.
Melting Speed: 0.5-5kg/min.
Equipment Selection Suggestions: Suitable for producing high-end alloy steel and special steel in the aerospace, defense and other fields. When a professional special steel plant produces high-temperature alloys and ultra-high-strength steel, using a 5-20 ton capacity ESR furnace can meet strict quality requirements.
VIM Vacuum Induction Melting Furnace
Under vacuum, the furnace charge is heated by electromagnetic induction, precisely controlling the temperature and composition, reducing element loss and gas absorption.
Technical Parameters
Induction Frequency: 100-10000Hz, determined according to the furnace charge and melting requirements.
Vacuum Degree: Can reach 10⁻⁴-10⁻⁶mbar.
Temperature Control Accuracy: ±5-±10℃.
Equipment Selection Suggestions: Often used in the production of special alloys and high-quality steel in high-end manufacturing. For example, in the production of nickel-based alloys and titanium alloys, enterprises can choose a 0.5-50 ton capacity VIM furnace according to output.
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